What Household Things Can Men Use To

China falls from the advantage of Bt cotton

Le Spa Sciences

Seven years after the introduction of large scale cultivation of genetically modified cotton , the economic benefits granted to Chinese farmers from its use are gone. The reason - as reported by researchers at Cornell University the annual conference of the American Agricultural Economics Association (AAEA) going on these days in Long Beach, California - is that new pests are massively attacking the crops Bt cotton . Bt cotton gets its name borrowed from the Bacillus thuringiensis gene inserted into plants to make them produce a toxin lethal to the larvae of Helicoverpa armigera, a moth nottuide che rappresenta uno dei più importanti parassiti del cotone. Attualmente il cotone Bt copre il 25 per cento della produzione mondiale di questa fibra tessile. Dopo sette anni, però, le popolazioni di altri parassiti sono aumentate in misura tale da costringere i coltivatori a irrorare i campi con pesticidi un numero di volte molto maggiore anche rispetto agli standard precedenti all’introduzione del cotone Bt. Lo studio – il primo che ha esaminato l’ impatto economico a lungo termine del cotone Bt – ha mostrato che per tre anni a partire dal 2001 i coltivatori che avevano utilizzato il cotone biotecnologico avevano ridotto di oltre il 70 per cento i consumi di pesticidi, conseguendo un guadagno del 36 per cento superiore a quello dei contadini che erano rimasti al cotone classico. A partire dal 2004, tuttavia, erano stati costretti a tornare a un livello di consumo di pesticidi pari a quello delle coltivazioni tradizionali, con un guadagno inferiore dell’8 per cento rispetto ai concorrenti tradizionali, a causa del maggior costo delle sementi Bt . Il problema non è legato allo sviluppo di parassiti resistenti al cotone Bt, come all’inizio si era pensato, ma ad altri parassiti che non sono sensibili alla tossina di B. thuringiensis, e che in precedenza erano tenuti sotto controllo dall’uso dei pesticidi ad ampio spettro d’azione. Secondo i ricercatori l’emergenza di questi parassiti “secondari” could be a serious problem for all countries that use Bt cotton on a large scale: China, India, Argentina and the United States, although in the latter country, the producers who use Bt cotton are bound by contract to cultivate a small area even in traditional cotton, which serves as a refuge for H. armigera and where to use traditional pesticides. A useful strategy to avoid the emergence of mutants resistant to Bt, but also to reduce the proliferation of other pests.

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Thank You Pastor Funeral

Colonization of transgenic seeds

by GreenPlanet.net

They called for the project "Biosafety 'and respect of certain countries in West Africa and Latin America. But there are good reasons to doubt, not least because among the partners are known biotech industry organizations. We are talking about two projects initiated by the World Bank and the Global Environment Facility (GEF English the acronym) managed by the same bank. The declared aim is to help ensure, in agriculture, protection against the risk of contamination among seeds originating and genetically modified seeds - under the Biosafety Protocol signed in Cartagena in 2000. The impression is that it actually promotes the introduction of GM crops . The partners involved in the two projects multimillionaires are: CIAT (International Center for Tropical Agriculture , based in Colombia) and, needless to say, three known organizations for the promotion of biotech industries related to transgenic crops: CropLife , AfricaBio and Public Research and Regulation Initiative. Under the guise of scientific research trying to legitimize contamination of seeds that are the basis of 'peasant economy to create, in the end, dependency check variety industries. The West Africa regional biosafety project covers Mali, Burkina Faso, Senegal and Togo, while objective of Latin American multi-country capacity building in biosafety are Brazil, Colombia, Costa Rica, Mexico and Peru. The project involves the introduction of GM seeds corn, potatoes, yucca, rice and cotton, and yet, except rice, it is plant varieties in those countries are centers of origin and biodiversity. Can understand the alarm among local civil society organizations, aware that the transgenic contamination to which we expose crops original, fundamental to the economy of rural people is an unacceptable risk, a real threat to food sovereignty and biodiversity of those paesi.Tra the first to start the attack, with an analysis Initiative on environmental and social risks that projects represent, are: the African Centre for Biosafety (ACB), the Network for Latin America free from genetically modified (Ralltiir) and international environmental organizations and Grain Group projects include Etc. also " training in biosafety " promoted by the GEF and the World Bank. In practice, ignoring the indigenous and peasant organizations opposed to introducing GM varieties in the field, these will be "sent" to learn new scientific methods designed to counter the risk of contamination : "A farce of public participation in the real objective is to promote biosecurity laws that favor biotechnological industries' complaint Eva Caranza Coordination of Biodiversity in Costa Rica When it comes to Africa while the Latin American field trials specifically provides training for controlling contamination between GM and native plants. One wonders how they will prevent the wind to carry pollen from one crop to another, of course, in both cases, project developers assume that GM will continue to be introduced, and that contamination is inevitable - the scientific methods to combat it are smoke and mirrors. Silvia Ribeiro of ETC Group points out the transgenic contamination of native maize in Mexico, where it has been done to prevent it. Indeed, a law passed by the Mexican government on Biosafety was allowed to leave unpunished, Monsanto and other companies responsible for illegal contamination, so that has been dubbed "Monsanto Law". According to Grain, these projects respond clearly to a process that involves the direct participation of the countries involved, but that is part of a strategy of the Bank and the U.S. government to "harmonize" regional regulations on the introduction of GMOs: to establish rules supported the introduction of GMOs in key countries and use them as a model to impose on other states in the region through supranational bodies, so as to bypass any democratic debate and open a large single market for transnational producers of genetically modified seeds . The contempt for the views of peasant and indigenous organizations is also evident from the fact that both projects are moving only in English, not in French, one of the major languages \u200b\u200bof the African continent, either in English or Portuguese in Latin American case.

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Heartgold Keeps Freezing, Patch

Mediterranean Agriculture - Tests of complementarity

from Global Village

Agriculture in the Mediterranean is growing fast and places long market problems. The word "magic" to deal with these nodes, and avoid becoming tensions is the "complementarity". Met with many perplexities, is now considered the only solution capable of preventing a disastrous war between the agriculture of Mediterranean countries. Fruits and vegetables are the typical products of the region and their natural markets are the countries of northern Europe. But access, in addition to being hampered by a maze of customs regulations, health and trade is controlled by importers whose bargaining power is far superior to that of producers. Under conditions of inferiority are mainly North African and Middle Eastern countries, is forced to compete with each other, both to compete with countries the European side, particularly Spain, Italy and Greece. Already heavy, the situation threatens to become explosive in 2010, with the establishment of free trade area (FTA) provided by the Barcelona Conference of 1995. In this perspective, complementarity is the only alternative to wild competition. Realize, however, is not simple. Should organize the ' productive activity so that the arrival of products on the market is spread out over time corresponding to trends in demand, so as to prevent the supply is concentrated in the same periods, and are excessive, causing the fall of producer prices. It is not sufficient though. It is also necessary that the goods having characteristics corresponding to international standards of both quality and sanitary systems, both commercial presentation. Is evident, therefore, the need for a massive modernization of production in Mediterranean countries (PTM), with the adoption of cultural methods that can exploit the typical, improve quality and ensure the wholesomeness of the products thanks application of technical production, with a low input of pesticides and low environmental impact. Appear to be essential reorganization of supply of inputs (plants, seeds , fertilizers, pesticides), both the organization of post-harvest management (storage, packing, grading, cooling, packaging) and the creation of trademarks and labels to ensure traceability, that is an indication of the main steps of the product from field to stall. In practice this is set up for each product, the 'chain . The cooperation of private actors is decisive, but can be effective only in the context of international agreements between political institutions and associations. On this land is at the forefront of Puglia, with two important cooperation projects with Egypt, one already in progress, the more ready to leave. Under the Green Corridor Italian-Egyptian, financed by the conversion of debt to Italy, Egypt, has been prepared on an experimental project that has as protagonists the Confcooperative of Puglia and the Egyptian body that is implementing the program development of rural Noubaria western area of \u200b\u200b14 thousand hectares out of which 19 villages were built with a total population of 70 thousand inhabitants. To provide supervision and technical assistance to the project, which started in February and will be completed by next December, the Italian Embassy in Cairo, el ' Mediterranean Agronomic Institute of Bari CIHEAM. Aims of the project is the production Noubaria of vegetables and fruit that Confcooperative of Puglia in Italy will import and distribute the European market. The agreements also include close cooperation between local technicians and those of cooperative partners Puglia. The first product is coming ' grape seedless varieties (without seeds ), which will be imported (and sold in Europe) until it is ready for the Italian market for table grapes. The second project is even more complex and demanding, and was promoted under the Support Programme for Regional Cooperation with the countries of the southern shore of the Mediterranean and those in the Balkans Western Region of Puglia, which is proposed as the leader of a group of Italian regions of Friuli Venezia Giulia Calabria, Veneto Campania, Basilicata to the Emilia Romagna, Lazio to Sicily, Tuscany, Abruzzo and Sardinia. Iam participate in the implementation of Bari, Bari University, the University of Foggia and professional organizations. Egyptian partners are the Ministry of Agriculture, the Ministry of Foreign Trade, the Unit of implementation of the Agreement and the Governorates of the territories in the Delta of the Nile (Damietta and Alexandria) chosen for the location of operations. The implementation will take two years from 2007. In addition to ' import fruit and vegetables Egyptians, Egypt is expected in the recruitment of seasonal workers for work in the Italian courts. The project, which was called "Setting up integrated production systems between Italy and Egypt," will be presented to the Italian press by the Department of the Mediterranean Region of Puglia, Silvia Godelli, and the Deputy Minister of Agriculture of Egypt, Hamdy Emara, who is also director of the Rural Development Programme of the Western Noubaria. The meeting with journalists has been set for June 29 next at 12, the seat of IAM Bari, Valenzano.

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Colorado License Templates

ASSOBIOTEC GM calls the coexistence

Roberto Della Seta, presidente nazionale di Legambiente, risponde duramente alle dichiarazioni di Roberto Gradnik, presidente dell’Assobiotech (aderiente a Federchimica) che polemizzava sulle richieste di coltivatori ed ambientalisti italiani per aree Ogm free e difendeva la coesistenza tra agricoltura biotech e tradizionale che la Ue sembrerebbe voler avallare. «Il principio di precauzione e il riconoscimento dei diritti degli agricoltori che chiedono di continuare a praticare l’ agricoltura di qualità e non contaminata non sono scappatoie – dice Della Seta – avallare la coesistenza a tutti i costi è una politica suicida, that the new government must oppose. The Community position on the coexistence is likely to encourage transgenic contamination, compromise the future of 'European and Italian agriculture based on quality, which today represents an economic asset and invaluable biodiversity. Then use the Trojan horse of bioenergy to open to GM crops in our country would be a grave mistake. " 15 regions and over 2300 Italian municipalities are already free to defend GM 153 products DOP and IGP and 353 DOC and DOCG. Italy is also in first place in Europe for local products (4,100 the traditional food products), and organic production with 1,162,212 acres, 7% of agricultural land. 'It is absolutely necessary - Silk concludes - that our government takes a leading role instead of encouraging the European Commission to introduce a threshold of "accidental contamination" of 0.1%, which is equal to the level of detection for both All seeds, both for organic production. "

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Pregnant Tawnee Stone

pills seed - germination '(Part 4)

The germination of the seed is variable depending on the species and type of packaging used:
- packaging not sealed moisture (bags jute, cotton, paper, etc..) 12 months (9 months for cereals and legumes , 6 months for vegetables);
- packaging for moisture-proof containers (metal, hermetically sealed envelopes and so on. ): 30 months.

The term is calculated from the date stated on the label.

L ' ENSE guarantees the quality of the material and verify the production and packaging

L' Central Fraud Inspectorate performs checks and withdrawals at selected businesses, wholesalers and retailers, and at farmers.

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